In times of crisis, getting information out quickly is key, which is why in countries like the USA, Japan, Korea and the UK, updates from the police and other civic organisations are now being pushed through Twitter's Alerts service.

While Facebook and Twitter have become important platforms for protesters, in recent uprisings, activists are moving towards encrypted apps like Zello a 'digital walkie-talkie' that allows groups to access a single, secure communication channel.

San Francisco has launched a social network called SF72, designed to help citizens prepare for, and respond to, natural disasters. It lets people create emergency plans, stock up on supplies, and receive real-time updates on evacuation routes.

As fears of financial meltdown in 2012 take hold, there is a palpable sense of unease spreading across many sections of society. From the boardroom to the back garden, more people are embracing the importance of being prepared for the worst.